Society, The Catholic Church Extension
The first active agitation for a church extension or home mission society for the Catholic Church in North America was begun in 1904 by an article of the present writer, published in the "American Ecclesiastical Review" (Philadelphia).
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14078a.htm

Saint Paul-without-the Walls
An abbey nullius. As early as 200 the burial place of the great Apostle in the Via Ostia was marked by a cella memoriæ, near which the Catacomb of Comodilla was established.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13369a.htm

Sozomen, Salaminius Hermias
One of the famous historians of the early Church, born at Bethelia, a small town near Gaza in Palestine.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14165c.htm

Strossmayer, Joseph Georg
Josip Juraj, Bishop of Diakovár, born at Essegg in Croatia-Slavonia, 4 February, 1815; died 8 April, 1905.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14316a.htm

Sabbatine Privilege
The name Sabbatine Privilege is derived from the apocryphal Bull "Sacratissimo uti culmine" of John XXII, 3 March, 1322.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13289b.htm

Stigmata, Mystical
Their existence is so well established historically that, as a general thing, they are no longer disputed by unbelievers, who now seek only to explain them naturally.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14294b.htm

Swinomish Indians
A tribe of Salishan linguistic stock, closely connected with the Skagit. They formerly held the territory about the mouth of the river Skagit together with the adjacent portion of Whidbey Island.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14357b.htm

Saba and Sabeans
This Saba (Sheba) must not be confounded with Saba (Seba) in Ethiopia of Is., xliii, 3; xlv, 14. It lies in the Southern Arabian Jôf about 200 miles north-west of Aden.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13285c.htm

Syriac Hymnody
To the general consideration set forth in the article hymnody and hymnology must be added some bearing particularly on the structure and liturgical use of hymns (madrashe), exclusive of poetical homilies or discourses (mimre), which belong to the narrative and epic class, while the hymns are lyrical.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14407a.htm

Sylvestrines
A minor monastic order or, strictly speaking, congregation following in general the Rule of St. Benedict but distinct from the Black monks and not forming a part of the confederation of Benedictine congregations.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14372c.htm

Syndicalism
Derived from the French syndicats, associations of workingmen uniting members of the same trade or industry for the furtherance of common economic interests.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14385b.htm

Synoptics
The name given since Griesbach's time (about 1790) to the first three canonical Gospels.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14389b.htm

Sabbath
The seventh day of the week among the Hebrews, the day being counted from sunset to sunset, that is, from Friday evening to Saturday evening.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13287b.htm

Sabaoth
In Hebrew, plural form of "host" or "army". The word is used almost exclusively in conjunction with the Divine name as a title of majesty: "the Lord of Hosts", or "the Lord God of Hosts".
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13286a.htm

Sunday
Sunday (Day of the Sun), as the name of the first day of the week, is derived from Egyptian astrology.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14335a.htm

Sabina, Saint
Martyr in 126 or 127, at Rome.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13290a.htm

Seroux d'Agincourt, Jean-Baptiste-Louis-George
Born at Beauvais, 5 April, 1730; died at Rome, 24 September, 1814. He was a descendant of the counts of Namur.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13729d.htm

Shan-tung, Vicariate Apostolic of Eastern
This mission was separated in 1894 from Northern Shan-Tung and erected into a vicariate Apostolic.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13752c.htm

Sacred Heart of Jesus, Society of the
An institution of religious women, taking perpetual vows and devoted to the work of education.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14111b.htm

Shan-si, Vicariate Apostolic of Southern
Erected in 1890; the mission is entrusted to the Franciscan Fathers.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13752b.htm

Sacred Heart of Jesus, Missionary Sisters of the
A religious congregation having its general mother house at Rome, founded in 1880 by Mother Francis Xavier Cabrini.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13305b.htm

Syncelli
A name which in the early Church was given to those monks or clerics who lived in the same room with their bishops, and whose duty it was to be witnesses to the purity of their lives or to perform the daily spiritual exercises in common with them.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14383b.htm

Sacrifice
This term is identical with the English offering (Latin offerre) and the German Opfer.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13309a.htm

Sabran, Louis de
Jesuit (1652-1732)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13291b.htm

Sacrilege
The violation or injurious treatment of a sacred object. In a less proper sense any transgression against the virtue of religion would be a sacrilege.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13321a.htm

Sumatra
Erected by a Decree of 30 June, 1911, and entrusted to the Dutch Capuchins.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14333b.htm

Sacristan
An officer who is charged with the care of the sacristy, the church, and their contents. In ancient times many duties of the sacristan were performed by the doorkeepers (ostiarii), later by the mansionarii and the treasurers.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13322a.htm

Slavonic Language and Liturgy
Although the Latin holds the chief place among the liturgical languages in which the Mass is celebrated and the praise of God recited in the Divine Offices, yet the Slavonic language comes next to it among the languages widely used throughout the world in the liturgy of the Church.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14041b.htm

Streber, Franz Ignaz Von
Numismatist and theologian, born at Reisbach, Lower Bavaria, 11 Feb., 1758; died at Munich, 26 April, 1841.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14315b.htm

Sacris Solemniis
The opening words of the hymn for Matins of Corpus Christi and of the Votive Office of the Most Blessed Sacrament, composed by St. Thomas Aquinas.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13321b.htm

Suburbicarian Dioceses
A name applied to the dioceses nearest Rome, viz. Albano, Frascati (Tusculum), Palestrina, Sabina, Ostia and Velletri, Porto and S. Rufina, the bishops of which form the order of cardinal bishops.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14324a.htm

Sadoleto, Jacopo
Cardinal, humanist, and reformer (1477-1547)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13324a.htm

Sadler, Thomas Vincent Faustus
Missionary born 1604; died at Dieulward, Flanders, 19 Jan., 1680-1.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13323b.htm

Sahagún, Bernardino de
Missionary and Aztec archeologist, b. at Sahagún, Kingdom of Leon, Spain, in or before the year 1500; d. at Mexico, 23 Oct., 1590.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13325a.htm

Sacra Jam Splendent
The opening words of the hymn for Matins of the Feast of the Holy Family.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13292c.htm

Sailer, Johann Michael
Professor of theology and Bishop of Ratisbon, b. at Aresing in Upper Bavaria 17 October, 1751; d. 20 May, 1832, at Ratisbon.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13328a.htm

San Salvador
Diocese. The Republic of Salvador, often incorrectly called San Salvador from the name of its capital, is the smallest and most thickly populated state of Central America.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13450b.htm

Sullivan, Alexander Martin
Irish politician, lawyer and journalist, b. at Bantry in 1830; d. at Dartry Lodge, Rathmines, Dublin, 17 Oct., 1884.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14329a.htm

Sabbatarians, Sabbatarianism
Defines Sabbatarianism as a rigorist conflation of the Christian Sunday with the Jewish Sabbath, devotes attention to Seventh-Day Sabbatarianism as well.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13287a.htm

Syriac Language and Literature
Syriac is the important branch of the group of Semitic languages known as Aramaic.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14408a.htm

Sadlier, Mary Anne Madden
Authoress, b. at Cootehill, Co. Cavan, Ireland, 30 Dee., 1820; d. at Montreal, Canada, 5 April, 1903.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13323c.htm

Sylvester, Bernard, of Chartres
A twelfth-century philosopher of Neo-Platonic tendencies.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14372a.htm

Saint Andrews, Priory of
One of the great religious houses in Scotland and the metropolitan church in that country before the Reformation.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13332b.htm

Saint Cloud
A suffragan of the Archdiocese of St. Paul, Minn., comprises the counties of Stearns, Sherburne, Benton, Morrison, Mille Lacs, Kanabec, Grant, Pope, Stevens, Isanti, Traverse, Douglas, Wilkin, Otter-Tail, Todd, Wadena, in the State of Minnesota, an area of 12,251 square miles. The bishop resides in St. Cloud, Stearns county.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13342a.htm

Sykes, Edmund
Born at Leeds; martyred at York Tyburn 23 March, 1586-7.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14368a.htm

Saint Albert
Diocese in Canada.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13329b.htm

Saint-Brieuc
Diocese; comprises the Department of the Côtes du Nord. Re-established by the Concordat of 1802 as suffragan of Tours, later, in 1850, suffragan of Rennes.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13340a.htm

Servants of Mary (Order of Servites)
Order founded on the feast of the Assumption, 1233 when the Blessed Virgin appeared to seven noble Florentines.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09750a.htm

Sullivan, Peter John
Soldier, lawyer, born at Cork, Ireland, 15 March, 1821; died at Cincinnati, Ohio, 2 March 1883.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14329b.htm

Syncretism
An explanation is given by Plutarch in a small work on brotherly love ("Opera Moralia", ed. Reiske, VII, 910). He there tells how the Cretans were often engaged in quarrels among themselves, but became immediately reconciled when an external enemy approached.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14383c.htm

Saint George, Orders of
Knights of St. George appear at different historical periods and in different countries as mutually independent bodies having nothing in common but the veneration of St. George, the patron of knighthood.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13350a.htm

Steinmeyer, Ferdinand
Jesuit missionary, born in Swabia, Germany, 13 Oct., 1720; died at Philadelphia, 17 Aug., 1786.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14285b.htm

Sadducees
A politico-religious sect of the Jews during the late post-Exile and New-Testament period. The old derivation of the name from tsaddiqim, i.e. the righteous; with assumed reference to the adherence of the Sadducees to the letter of the Law as opposed to the pharasaic attention to the superadded "traditions of the elders", is now generally discredited.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13323a.htm

Sacraments
Presents the necessity, the nature, the origin/cause, the number, the effects, the minister, and the recipient of the Sacraments.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13295a.htm

Saint Boniface
Archdiocese; the chief ecclesiastical division of the Canadian West, so-called after the patron saint of the German soldiers who were among its first settlers.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13339b.htm

Sabbatical Year
The seventh year, devoted to cessation of agriculture, and holding in the period of seven years a place analogous to that of the Sabbath in the week; also called "Year of Remission".
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13289a.htm

Saint Augustine, Abbey of
Benedictine monastery, originally dedicated to Sts. Peter and Paul, founded in 605 outside of the City of Canterbury, on the site of the earlier Church of St. Pancras.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13333a.htm

Saint Vincent de Paul, Society of
International association of Catholic laymen engaging in personal service of the poor.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13389a.htm

Sagalassus
A titular see in Pisidia, suffragan of Antioch.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13324b.htm

Sainctes, Claude de
French controversialist, b. at Perche, 1525; d. at Crèvecoeur, 1591.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13328b.htm

Saint Gall
A Swiss bishopric directly subject to the Holy See. It includes the Canton of St. Gall and, as a temporary arrangement, the two half-cantons of Appenzell Outer Rhodes and Appenzell Inner Rhodes.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13349a.htm

Saint Benedict, Medal of
A medal, originally a cross, dedicated to the devotion in honour of St. Benedict.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13338a.htm

Saint Albans, Abbey of
Located in Hertfordshire, England; founded about 793 by Offa, king of the Mercians.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13329a.htm

Saavedra, Fajardo Diego de
Statesman and author, b. at Algezares, Murcia, Spain, in 1584; d. at Madrid in 1648.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/16073a.htm

Saint Isidore, College of
In Rome, originally founded for the use of Spanish Franciscans during the pontificate of Gregory XV.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13352a.htm

Saint Louis (Missouri)
Created a diocese 2 July, 1826; raised to the rank of an archdiocese 20 July, 1847.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13357a.htm

Sutton, Sir Richard
Co-founder of Brasenose College, Oxford, date of birth unknown; d. September or October, 1524.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14346b.htm

Saint Omer, College of
Well-known Jesuit college at St. Omer, often spoken of under the anglicized form of St. Omers or St. Omer's, founded by Father Parsons in 1592 or 1593.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13365c.htm

Saint Andrews, University of
The germ of the university is to be found in an association of learned ecclesiastics, formed in 1410, among whom were: Laurence of Lindores, Abbot of Scone, Richard Cornwall, Archdeacon of Lothian, Wm. Stephen, afterwards Archbishop of Dunblane. They offered courses of lectures in divinity, logic, philosophy, canon and civil law.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13332a.htm

Saint Joseph, Diocese of
The City of St. Joseph, Missouri, was founded by Joseph Robidoux, a Catholic. At the Second Plenary Council of Baltimore in 1866, St. Joseph was among the new episcopal sees proposed.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13356b.htm

Spalding, Martin John
Seventh Archbishop of Baltimore. (1810-1872)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14208a.htm

Saint-Ouen, Abbey of
Located in Rouen, France, this abbey was a Benedictine monastery of great antiquity dating back to the early Merovingian period.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13366a.htm

Sahaptin Indians
A prominent tribe formerly holding a considerable territory in Western Idaho and adjacent portions of Oregon and Washington.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13326a.htm

Saint Mark, University of
The highest institution of learning in Peru, located at Lima, under the official name of Universidad Mayor de San Marcos. Reputed to be the oldest university in the New World, created by a royal decree of 12 May, 1551.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13365b.htm

Saint-Cosme, Jean-François Buisson de
Born in Quebec, Canada, February, 1667; killed, 1707. Entering the Séminaire des Missions Etrangères of Quebec, he was ordained in 1690 and after serving for a time at Minas, Nova Scotia (then Acadia), was assigned to the western mission.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13343a.htm

Sahara, Vicariate Apostolic of
Vast desert of northern Africa, measuring about 932 miles from north to south and 2484 miles from east to west, and dotted with oases which are centres of population.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13327a.htm

Saint-Pierre and Miquelon
Prefecture apostolic comprising the only French possession in North America, a group of islands.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13376a.htm

Saint-Sulpice, Society of
Founded at Paris by M. Olier (1642) for the purpose of providing directors for the seminaries established by him.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13378a.htm

Saint Peter, Basilica of
The present Church of St. Peter stands upon the site where at the beginning of the first century the gardens of Agrippina lay.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13369b.htm

Saint Andrews and Edinburgh
The exact date of the foundation of the See of St. Andrews is, like any others in the earliest history of the Scottish Church, difficult, if not impossible, to fix.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13330a.htm

Saint Paul (Minnesota)
Archdiocese comprising the counties of Ramsey, Hennepin, Chisago, Anoka, Dakota, Scott, Wright, Rice, Lesueur, Carver, Nicollet, Sibley, Meeker, Redwood, Renville, Kandiyohi, Lyon, Lincoln, Yellow Medicine, Lac-Qui-Parle, Chippewa, Swift, Goodhue, Big Stone, and Brown, which stretch across the State of Minnesota from east to west, in about the center of its southern half.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13366b.htm

Saint Asaph, Ancient Diocese of
Founded by St. Kentigern about the middle of the sixth century when he was exiled from his see in Scotland.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13332c.htm

Saint Thomas of Guiana
Diocese; suffragan of Caracas, erected by Pius VI on 19 Dec., 1791, comprises the former state of Bermúdez, districts of Nueva Esparta and Guayana, and territories of Amazonas, Caura, Colón, Orinoco, and Yuruary, in the south and east of Venezuela.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13382a.htm

Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne
Diocese of Mauramanensis. Includes the arrondissement of Saint Jean-de-Maurienne in the Department of Haute Savoie.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13353b.htm

Schäzler, Constantine, Baron von
Theologian, b. at Ratisbon, 7 May, 1827; d. at Interlaken, 9 September, 1880.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13524a.htm

Saint-John, Ambrose
Oratorian; b. 1815; d. at Edgbaston, Birmingham, 24 May, 1875; son of Henry St. John, descended from the Barons St. John of Bletsoe.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13354a.htm

Saint-Victor, Abbey of
In 1108 William of Champeaux retired to a small hermitage dedicated to St. Victor, the martyr soldier. He was followed by many disciples and induced again to take up his lectures. Hence the origin of the Royal Abbey and School of St. Victor.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13388a.htm

Saint-Simon and Saint-Simonism
Claude Henri de Rouvroy, Comte de Saint-Simon, was born in Paris, 17 Oct., 1760; died there, 19 May, 1825. He belonged to the family of the author of the "Memoirs".
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13377a.htm

Saint Lucius, Monastery of
Located in Chur, Switzerland. The Church of St. Lucius was built over the grave of this saint, whose relics were preserved in it until the sixteenth century.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13365a.htm

Saint-Denis
Diocese erected in 1850 as suffragan of Bordeaux, includes the Island of Réunion in the Indian Ocean about 350 miles cast of Madagascar.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13344a.htm

Saint-Denis, Abbey of
Situated in a small town to which it has given its name, about four miles north of Paris.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13343b.htm

Saint-Victor, Achard de
Canon regular, Abbot of St-Victor, Paris, and Bishop of Avranches, b. about 1100; d. 1172.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13388b.htm

Saint Peter, Tomb of
The history of the confusion and conflicting authorities surrounding the location of the tomb of Saint Peter.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13374a.htm

Salve Regina
The opening words (used as a title) of the most celebrated of the four Breviary anthems of the Blessed Virgin Mary.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13409a.htm

Saavedra Remírez de Baquedano, Angel de
Spanish poet and statesman, b. at Cordova, 10 March, 1791; d. at Madrid, 22 June, 1865.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13285b.htm

Saint Thomas, University of
University in Manila, founded in 1619 by the Dominican Miguel de Benavides, Archbishop of Manila.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13381c.htm

Saint-Dié
Diocese comprising the Department of the Vosges.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13344b.htm

Saint Thomas, Diocese of
Diocese comprising the Islands of São Thomé and Principe, in the Gulf of Guinea.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13381b.htm

Sacred Heart, Brothers of the
A congregation founded in 1821 by Père André Coindre, of the Diocese of Lyons, France. Its constitutions were modeled upon the constitutions of St. Ignatius based upon the Rule of Saint Augustine. Its members bind themselves for life by the simple vows of religion.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13305a.htm

Sidon
Titular metropolis of Pamphylia Prima.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13777a.htm

Saint Francis Mission
A noted Catholic Indian mission village under Jesuit control near Pierreville, Yamaska district, Province of Quebec, Canada.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13348a.htm

Salesian Society, The
Founded by Saint John Bosco, takes its distinctive name from its patron, Saint Francis de Sales.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13398b.htm

Salamon, Louis-Siffren-Joseph
Bishop of Saint-Flour; b. at Carpentras, 22 Oct., 1759; d. at Saint-Flour, 11 June, 1829.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13395a.htm

Saint George's
Diocese in Newfoundland. Beginning at Garnish it takes in the western portion of the south coast and then stretches along the Gulf of St. Lawrence, northwards, almost as far as the Straits of Belle Isle, lying between 55° 20' and 59° 30' west longitude and between 47° 30' and 51° 20' north latitude.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13351a.htm

Saint-Vallier, Jean-Baptiste de
Second Bishop of Quebec, b. at Grenoble, France, 14 Nov. 1653; d. at Quebec, Canada, 26 Dec., 1727; son of Jean de La Croix de Chevrières, and Marie de Sayne.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13387a.htm

Synod
A general term for ecclesiastical gatherings under hierarchical authority, for the discussion and decision of matters relating to faith, morals, or discipline. It corresponds to the Latin word concilium.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14388a.htm

Society of Jesus, The
Comprehensive information about the past of the Jesuit order.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14081a.htm

Stoning in Scripture
At first an expression of popular fury analogous to "lynching", later came to be a natural and legally recognized method of execution.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14308a.htm

Salazar, Domingo de
Born in La Rioja, in the village of La Bastida on the banks of the Ebro, 1512; died in Madrid, 4 December, 1594. Devoted to the conversion of natives of the new world.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13395b.htm

Salmas
A Chaldean see, included in the ancient Archdiocese of Adhorbigan, or Adherbaidjan.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13402a.htm

Sale
Saliensis. Diocese in Victoria, Australia, comprises all the territory known as Gippsland.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13395c.htm

Syntagma Canonum
A canonical collection made in 1335 by Blastares, a Greek monk about whose life nothing certain is known.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14394a.htm

Salimbene degli Adami
Chronicler, b. at Parma, 9 Oct., 1221; d. probably at Montefalcone about 1288.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13400a.htm

Soul
The question of the reality of the soul and its distinction from the body is among the most important problems of philosophy, for with it is bound up the doctrine of a future life.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14153a.htm

Salmanticenses and Complutenses
Authors of the courses of scholastic philosophy and theology, and moral theology.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13401c.htm

Salamanca
Article on the Spanish diocese.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13391b.htm

Scholasticism
A term used to designate both a method and a system. It is applied to theology as well as to philosophy.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13548a.htm

Salvation
Salvation has in Scriptural language the general meaning of liberation from straitened circumstances or from other evils, and of a translation into a state of freedom and security.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13407a.htm

Saint Petersburg
The imperial residence and second capital of Russia, lies at the mouth of the Neva on the Gulf of Finland.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13374b.htm

Saint Hyacinthe
Diocese in the Province of Quebec, suffragan of Montreal.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13351b.htm

Salt Lake, Diocese of
Includes the State of Utah, and slightly more than half of the State of Nevada.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13404c.htm

Salto
Diocese in Uruguay, suffragan to Montevideo.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13405a.htm

Salvianus
Fifth-century Latin writer.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13411a.htm

Samoa
A group of islands situated in the south Pacific.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13421a.htm

Sacristy
A room in the church or attached thereto, where the vestments, church furnishings and the like, sacred vessels, and other treasures are kept, and where the clergy meet and vest for the various ecclesiastical functions.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13322b.htm

Stylites
Solitaries who, taking up their abode upon the tops of a pillar (stylos), chose to spend their days amid the restraints thus entailed and in the exercise of other forms of asceticism. This practice may be regarded as the climax of a tendency which became very pronounced in Eastern lands in the latter part of the fourth century.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14317b.htm

Salzmann, Joseph
Founder of St. Francis Provincial Seminary (St. Francis, Wisconsin) known as the "Salesianum", one of the best known pioneer priests of the North-west, b. at Münzbach, Diocese of Linz, Upper Austria, 17 Aug., 1819; d. at St. Francis, Wisconsin, 17 Jan., 1874.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13415a.htm

Salome
Daughter of Herod Philip and Herodias at whose request John the Baptist was beheaded.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13403a.htm

Samson
Most famous of the Judges of Israel.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13423a.htm

Saliva Indians
The principal of a small group of tribes constituting a distinct linguistic stock (the Salivan), centring in the eighteenth century, about and below the junction of the Meta and Orinoco, in Venezuela.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13401b.htm

San Gallo
A celebrated family of architects, sculptors, painters, and engravers, which flourished in Italy during the Renaissance period, from the middle of the fifteenth to the end of the sixteenth century. The founder of the family was Francesco Giamberti (1405-80), a Florentine wood-carver; he had two sons, Giuliano and Antonio.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13443a.htm

Salvete Christi Vulnera
The Roman Breviary hymn at Lauds of the feast of the Most Precious Blood, is found in the Appendix to Pars Verna of the Roman Breviary (Venice, 1798).
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13410a.htm

Salmeron, Alphonsus
Jesuit Biblical scholar, born at Toledo, 8 Sept., 1515; died at Naples, 13 Feb., 1585.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13402b.htm

Sámar and Leyte
The names of two civil provinces in the Visayan group of the Philippines.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13415b.htm

San José de Costa Rica
The Republic of Costa Rica, Central America, constitutes this diocese as a suffragan see of the Archdiocese of Guatemala.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13446a.htm

Sánchez, Alonzo Coello
Painter - Born at Benyfayro, Valenciz, Spain, in 1513 or 1515; died at Madrid, 1590.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13427a.htm

Sánchez, Alonzo
Jesuit missionary and writer, born in Mondejar, Guadalajara, Spain, in 1547; died at Alcalá, 27 May, 1593.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13426b.htm

Salta, Diocese of
Comprises the civil Provinces of Salta and Jujuy in the northern part of the Republic of Argentina.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13404a.htm

Samosata
A titular see in Augusta Euphratensis, suffragan of Hierapolis, capital of Commagenum.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13422a.htm

San Carlos de Ancud
The most southern of the Chilian dioceses.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13426a.htm

Sanction
Sanction signifies the authoritative act whereby the legislator gives a law value and binding force for its subjects.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13428a.htm

Sanctuary
Church architecture term.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13431a.htm

Synods, National
According to the recent canon law, national councils are the deliberating assemblies at which all the bishops of a nation are convoked by the patriarch or primate (Cf. Bened. XIV, "De Synodo", I, i), but, in order to include the ancient national synods, it would be more correct to say a legitimate assemblage of the episcopate of a nation, the decisions of which are valid for an entire national Church.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14389a.htm

Sabrata
A titular see in Tripolitana. Sabrata was a Phoenician town on the northern coast of Africa, between the two Syrta. With Oca and Leptis Magna it caused the Greek name Tripolis to be given to the region.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13292a.htm

Sacchoni, Rainerio
A learned and zealous Dominican, born at Piacenza about the beginning of the thirteenth century; died about 1263.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13292b.htm

Saint-Claude
The Diocese of Saint-Claude comprised in the eighteenth century only twenty-six parishes, subject previously to the Abbey of Saint-Claude, and some parishes detached from the Dioceses of Besançon and Lyons.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13341a.htm

Saltillo, Diocese of
Diocese in the Republic of Mexico, suffragan of Linares, or Monterey.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13404b.htm

Sa, Manoel de
Portuguese theologian and exegete, b. at Villa do Conde (Province Entre-Minho-e-Douro), 1530; d. at Arona (Italy), 30 Dec., 1596.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13285a.htm

Sampson, Richard
English bishop (d. 1554)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13422b.htm

Samogitia
A Russian diocese, also called Telshi (Telshe), including the part of Lithuania lying on the Baltic.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13421b.htm

Sanctity
Explains the meaning of the term "sanctity" as employed in somewhat different senses in relation to God, to individual men, and to a corporate body.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13428b.htm

Saint Sylvester, Order of
The Order is neither monastic nor military but a purely honorary title created by Gregory XVI, 31 Oct., 1841.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13381a.htm

Sanchez, Thomas
Religious scholar/author - Born at Cordova, 1550; died in the college of Granada, 19 May, 1610.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13427c.htm

San Francisco
Archdiocese established 29 July 1853 to include multiple counties in the State of California, U.S.A.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13439c.htm

Sandwich Isands
Vicariate Apostolic comprising all the islands of the Hawaiian group.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13438a.htm

Sandomir
Ancient Polish city with existing traces of prehistoric construction.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13436b.htm

Sandemanians
An English form of the Scottish sect of Glassites, followers of John Glas (b. 1695; d. 1773) who was deposed from the Presbyterian ministry in 1728, for teaching that the Church should not be subject to any league or covenant, but should be governed only by Apostolic doctrine.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13435a.htm

Sambuga, Joseph Anton
Theologian, b. at Walldorf near Heidelberg, 9 June; 1752; d. at Nymphenburg near Munich 5 June, according to Sailer, but 5 January according to other statements, 1815.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13420a.htm

Sanetch Indians
A sub-tribe of the Songish Indians.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13439b.htm

San Antonio, Diocese of
Comprises all that portion of the State of Texas between the Colorado and Rio Grande Rivers, except the land south of the Arroyo de los Hermanos, on the Rio Grande, and the Counties of Live Oak, Bee, Goliad, and Refugio.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13424b.htm

Saint John
Diocese in the Province of New Brunswick, Canada.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13355a.htm

San León del Amazonas
Prefecture Apostolic in Peru.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13448a.htm

Sergius and Bacchus, Saints
Soldiers, martyred in the Diocletian persecution in about 303. Universally venerated in the East.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13728a.htm

Syon Monastery
Middlesex, England, founded in 1415 by King Henry V at his manor of Isleworth.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14394b.htm

Saint-Flour
Diocese comprising the Department of Cantal, and is suffragan of the Archbishopric of Bourges.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13347b.htm

Sanctorum Meritis
The hymn at First and Second Vespers in the Common of the Martyrs in the Roman Breviary. Its authorship is often attributed to Rabanus Maurus (d. 856), Archbishop of Mainz.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13429a.htm

Sankt Pölten
Diocese in Lower Austria.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13447b.htm

San Salvador
The name given by Columbus to his first discovery in the New World. It is one of the Bahama group of islands.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13450a.htm

Sandeo, Felino Maria
Often quoted under the name of Felinus, Italian canonist of the fifteenth century.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13435b.htm

San Marino
An independent republic lying between the Italian Provinces of Forli, Pasaro, and Urbino.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13449a.htm

Saint Bartholomew's Day
This massacre of which Protestants were the victims occurred in Paris on 24 August, 1572 (the feast of St. Bartholomew), and in the provinces of France during the ensuing weeks, and it has been the subject of knotty historical disputes.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13333b.htm

Sanseverino, Gaetano
Restorer of the Scholastic philosophy in Italy, b. at Naples, 1811; d. there of cholera, 16 Nov., 1865.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13453a.htm

San Luis Potosí
Diocese in Mexico, erected by Pius IX in 1854. It includes the State of San Luis Potosí, and a small portion of the State of Zacatecas.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13448b.htm

San Marco and Bisignano
Diocese in the Province of Cosenza in Calabria, Italy.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13448c.htm

San Martino al Cimino
A prelature nullius in the territory of the Diocese of Viterbo, Province of Rome.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13449b.htm

Santa Casa di Loreto
Since the fifteenth century, and possibly even earlier, the "Holy House" of Loreto has been numbered among the most famous shrines of Italy.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13454b.htm

Santa Fe (Argentina)
Diocese in the Argentine Republic, suffragan of Buenos Aires.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13457a.htm

Santa Lucia del Mela
Prelature nullius within the territory of the Archdiocese of Messina, Sicily.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13457b.htm

Sands, Benjamin and James
U.S. Navy admirals.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13437a.htm

San Miniato
A city and diocese in the Province of Florence, central Italy.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13449c.htm

Sandhurst
Diocese in Victoria, Australia; suffragan of Melbourne.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13436a.htm

Santa Maria de Monserrato
An abbey nullius in Brazil.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13458b.htm

Santa Agata dei Goti, Diocese of
In the Province of Benevento, Southern Italy; the city, situated on a hill at the base of Monte Taburno, includes an ancient castle.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13454a.htm

Stapleton, Theobald
Nothing is known of his career, except that he was a priest living in Flanders, and that in 1639 he published at Brussels a book called "Catechismus seu doctrina Christiana Latino-hibernica", which was the first book in which Irish was printed in Roman type.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14249a.htm

San Juan
Diocese in the Argentine Republic at the foot of the Cordillera of the Andes.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13447a.htm

Samuco Indians
The collective name of a group of tribes in southwestern Bolivia.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13424a.htm

Salutati, Coluccio di Pierio di
Italian Humanist b. in Tuscany, 1331; d. 4 May, 1406.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13405b.htm

Salisbury, Ancient Diocese of
The diocese was originally founded by Birinus, who in 634 established his see at Dorchester in Oxfordshire, whence he evangelized the Kingdom of Wessex. From this sprang the later Dioceses of Winchester, Sherborne, Ramsbury, and Salisbury.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13401a.htm

Sander, Nicholas
English exile - Born at Charlwood, Surrey, in 1530; died in Ireland, 1581.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13435d.htm

Sainte-Claire Deville, Charles
Geologist, b. at St. Thomas, West Indies, 26 February, 1814; d. in Paris 10 October, 1876.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13346a.htm

Santa Maria (Brazil)
A Brazilian see, suffragan of Porto Alegre.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13458a.htm

Santiago del Estero
Diocese in the Argentine Republic, erected 25 March, 1907, suffragan of Buenos Aires.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13462a.htm

São Carlos do Pinhal
Diocese; suffragan of the Archdiocese of São Paulo, Brazil, South America, created on 7 June, l908.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13465a.htm

Santander
Diocese in Spain which takes its name not from St. Andrew as some believe, but from St. Hemeterius (Santemter, Santenter, Santander), one of the patrons of the city and ancient abbey.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13458d.htm

Saints Vincent and Anastasius, Abbey of
Located near Rome.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13380a.htm

Santini, Giovanni Sante Gaspero
Astronomer, b. at Caprese in Tuscany, 30 Jan., 1787; d. at Padua, 26 June, 1877.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13462b.htm

Salamanca, University of
Spanish university. Had its beginning in the Cathedral School under the direction, from the twelfth century, of a magister scholarum (chancellor).
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13392a.htm

Samos
Titular see, suffragan of Rhodes in the Cyclades. The island, called in Turkish Soussan-Adassi, is 181 sq. miles in area and numbers 55,000 inhabitants, nearly all of whom are Greek schismatics.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13421c.htm

Salt
Always used for the seasoning of food and for the preservation of things from corruption, had from very early days a sacred and religious character.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13403b.htm

San Severo
Diocese in the Province of Foggia (Capitanata), Southern Italy, situated in a fertile plain, watered by the Radicosa and Triolo.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13453b.htm

São Paulo
Ecclesiastical province in the Republic of Brazil, South America.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13465d.htm

São Thiago de Cabo Verde
This diocese has the seat of its bishopric on the Island of S. Nicolau.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13467a.htm

Stephen of Tournai
Canonist, born at Orléans, 1128; died at Tournai, September, 1203.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14291c.htm

Sardinia
The second largest Italian island in the Mediterranean.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13473b.htm

Santos, João dos
Dominican missionary in India and Africa, b. at Evora, Portugal; d. at Goa in 1622.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13464a.htm

Sala, George Augustus Henry
Journalist, b. in London, 24 Nov., 1828; d. at Brighton, 8 Dec., 1895, having been received into the Church before death.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13391a.htm

Samson
Abbot of St. Edmunds (1135-1211)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13423b.htm

Sanctus
The Sanctus is the last part of the Preface in the Mass, sung in practically every rite by the people (or choir). One of the elements of the liturgy of which exists the earliest evidence.
http://www.newadven