Jesus Christ, Origin of the Name of
Article examines the name Jesus and Christ separately.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08374x.htm

James the Greater, Saint
What can be known of St. James, son of Zebedee and brother of John, from Scripture. Also discusses the tradition that St. James preached in Spain and that his body was translated to Compostela.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08279b.htm

Jude, Epistle of Saint
One of the so-called antilegomena; but, although its canonicity has been questioned in several Churches, its genuineness has never been denied.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08542b.htm

Julian the Apostate
Roman emperor 361-63, b. at Constantinople in 331, d. 26 June, 363, son of Julius Constantius, the half-brother of Constantine the Great.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08558b.htm

Jacquier, François
French mathematician and physicist, born at Vitry-le-Francois, 7 June, 1711; died at Rome, 3 July, 1788.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08266b.htm

Jacob of Jüterbogk
Theologian and canonist, born of poor parents near Jüterbogk, Brandenburg, Germany, 1381; died at Erfurt in 1465.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08261b.htm

Julian of Eclanum
Born about 386; died in Sicily, 454; the most learned among the leaders of the Pelagian movement and Bishop of Eclanum near Beneventum.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08557b.htm

Julian of Speyer
A famous composer, poet, and historian of the thirteenth century, b. at Speyer, d. at Paris about 1250.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08558a.htm

James of Brescia
Theologian of the fifteenth century.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08277a.htm

Jaca, Diocese of
Located in the Spanish province of Huesca. Jaca, the chief town of the mountain district of Sobrarbe.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08260a.htm

Juvenile Courts
Tribunals for the trial of children charged with crimes or offences.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08586c.htm

James of Edessa
A celebrated Syrian writer, b. most likely in A.D. 633; d. 5 June, 708.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08277b.htm

Justinianopolis
A titular see of Armenia Prima, suffragan of Sebaste.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08580b.htm

Jacotot, Joseph
French educator, b. at Dijon, March, 1770; d. at Paris, 30 July, 1840.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08265a.htm

Judas Iscariot
The Apostle who betrayed Jesus.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08539a.htm

Justinian I
Roman Emperor (527-65).
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08578b.htm

Justice
In its ordinary and proper sense, signifiies the most important of the cardinal virtues.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08571c.htm

Josias
A pious King of Juda (639-608 B.C.), who ascended the throne when he was only eight years of age. He was the son of Amon and the grandson of Manasses.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08523a.htm

Juda
The name of one of the Patriarchs, the name of the tribe reputed to be descended from him, the name of the territory occupied by the same, and also the name of several persons mentioned in the Old Testament.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08536a.htm

James the Less, Saint
Identifies James the Less with James the Apostle, son of Alpheus, and with James the brother of the Lord.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08280a.htm

James Thompson, Blessed
Also called James Hudson. Priest who was imprisoned and then martyred at York in 1582.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08281a.htm

Januarius, Saint
Bishop of Beneventum, martyr, believed to have died in the Diocletian persecution, c. 305. Article has a lengthy discussion of the liquefaction of the saint's blood.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08295a.htm

Joseph of Issachar
A man of the tribe of Issachar, and the father of Igal who was one of the spies sent by Moses to traverse Chanaan and report on the country (Numbers 13:8).
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08508a.htm

Joseph, Sisters of Saint
Founded at Le Puy, in Velay, France, by the Rev. Jean-Paul Médaille of the Society of Jesus.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08511a.htm

John Berchmans, Saint
Biography of this Jesuit, always pious, who died in 1621 at the age of 22.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08450a.htm

Jacobus de Teramo
Canonist and bishop, born in 1349 at Teramo in Italy; died in 1417 in Poland.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08262a.htm

Janner, Ferdinand
Theologian, born at Hirschau, in the Upper Palatinate (Bavaria), 4 Feb., 1836; died 1 November, 1895.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08283a.htm

Janow, Matthew of
A medieval ecclesiastical author, born in the fourteenth century in Bohemia; died at Prague, 30 Nov., 1394.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08284a.htm

James, Epistle of Saint
The author is commonly identified with the Lord's brother, the Bishop of Jerusalem; the view that the Lord's brother must be identified with James, the son of Alpheus, is by far the most probable.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08275b.htm

James of Sarugh
A writer of the Syrian Church.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08278a.htm

Jarlath, Saint
Studied under St. Benen, founded a college at Cloonfush, was noted for his fasting, died about 540.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08323c.htm

Jarric, Pierre de
Missionary writer, born at Toulouse in 1566; d. at Saintes, 2 March, 1617.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08324a.htm

Jaffna, Diocese of
Situated in the northern portion of Ceylon, Jaffna comprises the northern and north-central provinces of the island.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08269a.htm

Justiniani, Benedetto
Theological and Biblical writer. (1550-1622)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08580a.htm

Jean-Baptiste-Marie Vianney, Saint
The Curé of Ars, d. 1869.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08326c.htm

John of Nikiû
An Egyptian chronicler who flourished in the latter part of the seventh century.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08475a.htm

Jacob
The son of Isaac and Rebecca, third great patriarch of the chosen people, and the immediate ancestor of the twelve tribes of Israel.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08261a.htm

John of Winterthur
Historian, born about 1300 atWinterthur (Switzerland); died subsequently to 1348, probably at Zurich.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08482a.htm

Josue (Joshua)
The name of eight persons in the Old Testament, and of one of the Sacred Books.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08524a.htm

Jason
A Greek name adopted by many Jews whose Hebrew designation was Joshua (Jesus). In the Old Testament, it is applied to three or four persons connected with the period of the Machabees.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08324c.htm

Jansen, Cornelius
Exegete, born at Hulst, Flanders, 1510; died at Ghent, 11 April, 1576.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08284b.htm

Jaenbert
Thirteenth Archbishop of Canterbury; died at Canterbury 11 or 12 August, 791.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08267b.htm

John Chrysostom, Saint
Long biographical article on this bishop and Doctor of the Church.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08452b.htm

Jacques de Vitry
Historian of the crusades, cardinal Bishop of Acre, later of Tusculum, b. at Vitry-sur-Seine, near Paris, probably about 1160; d. at Rome, 1240.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08266a.htm

Jeanne de Valois, Saint
Biography of St. Jeanne, also known as Jéhanne de France or Jane of Valois, queen, founder of the Annonciades. She died in 1505.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08327b.htm

Jeningen, Venerable Philipp
Born at Eichstätt, Bavaria, 5 January, 1642;d, at Ellwangen, 8 February, 1704. Entering the Society of Jesus, 19 January, 1663, he became a most successful popular missionary at the shrine of Our Lady of Schönenberg, near Ellwangen in Swabia.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08332c.htm

Janssen, Johann
Historian, born 10 April, 1829, at Kanten, Germany; died 24 December, 1891, at Frankfort-on-the-Main.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08284c.htm

Jealousy
Taken to be synonymous with envy.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08326b.htm

Jedburgh
Augustinian abbey, in the town of the same name, established as a priory by David I, King of Scots, in 1118, and colonized by Canons Regular of St. Augustine from the Abbey of St-Quentin, at Beauvais, France.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08328b.htm

Janauschek, Leopold
Cistercian, born at Brünn, Moravia, 13 October, 1827; died 23 July, 1898, at Baden, near Vienna.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08282a.htm

Job
One of the books of the Old Testament, and the chief personage in it.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08413a.htm

Jaro
Diocese in the Philippine Islands, formerly a part of the Diocese of Cebú, was made a separate diocese on 27 May, 1865.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08323d.htm

Jamay, Denis
Franciscan, missionary, date and place of birth unknown; died in France, 1625; an important figure in the early history of the Church in Canada.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08275a.htm

Jerome, Saint
Lengthy article on the life and works of St. Jerome.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08341a.htm

James Primadicci
Born at Bologna; died in the same city in 1460.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08279a.htm

Jovianus, Flavius Claudius
Roman Emperor, 363-4.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08529b.htm

Jerome Emiliani, Saint
Soldier, priest, founder of the Order of Somascha, d. 1537.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08343a.htm

Jacopone da Todi, Blessed
More properly called Jacopo Benedetti. Biographical article on the lawyer, widower, Franciscan poet sympathetic to the Spirituals, who died about 1306.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08263a.htm

Judith, Book of
The book exists in distinct Greek and Latin versions, of which the former contains at least eighty-four verses more than the later.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08554a.htm

Jassus
A titular see of Caria, and suffragan of Aphrodisias.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08325a.htm

Jehoshaphat
Fourth King of Juda after the schism of the Ten Tribes.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08502c.htm

Jackson, Henry Moore
Knight, born in Grenada, 1849; died in London, 29 August, 1908.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08260b.htm

Jainism
A form of religion intermediate between Brahminism and Buddhism, originated in India in pre-Christian times.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08269b.htm

Jeremias
Name of several Old Testament figures.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08333c.htm

Jean Eudes, Saint
French missionary, religious founder, writer, d. 1680.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05596a.htm

Jubilee, Year of (Hebrew)
According to the Pentateuchal legislation contained in Leviticus, a Jubilee year is the year that follows immediately seven successive Sabbatic years (the Sabbatic year being the seventh year of a seven-year cycle).
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08534a.htm

Jehoshaphat, Valley of
Mentioned in only one passage of the Bible (Joel, iii-Heb. text, iv).
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08503a.htm

Jouffroy, Claude-François-Dorothée de
Mechanician, b. at Abbans, near Besançon, 30 Sept., 1751; d. at Paris, 18 July, 1832.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08526b.htm

Jaricot, Pauline-Marie
Foundress of the Society of the Propagation of the Faith and the Association of the Living Rosary, born at Lyons, 22 July, 1799; died there, 9 January, 1862.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08323b.htm

John of Saint Thomas
Theologian, born at Lisbon, 9 June, 1589; died at Fraga, Spain, 17 June, 1644.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08479b.htm

Jehu
The derivation of the name is uncertain. By some it is translated "Yahweh is he". Several by this name are noted in the article.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08332a.htm

Jerusalem (71-1099)
History in several periods to the first crusade.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08355a.htm

Jesuit Apologetic
The accusations brought against the Society have been exceptional for their frequency and fierceness.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14103a.htm

Jouin, Louis
Linguist, philosopher, author, b. at Berlin, 14 June, 1818, d. at New York, 10 June, 1899.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08527a.htm

Jemez Pueblo
An Indian pueblo situated upon the north bank of the river of the same name about twenty miles north-west of Bernalillo, New Mexico.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08332b.htm

Jerusalem (Before A.D. 71)
This article deals with the destruction by the Romans after it had become the scene of the Redemption.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08344a.htm

Jaén
Diocese in Southern Spain.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08267a.htm

John of Falkenberg
Author, b. at Falkenberg, Pomerania, Prussia, date unknown; d. about 1418 in Italy.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08471a.htm

Jerusalem, Latin Kingdom of (1099-1291)
Founded as a result of the First Crusade, in 1099. Destroyed a first time by Saladin in 1187, it was re-established around Saint-Jean d'Acre and maintained until the capture of that city in 1291.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08361a.htm

Jesus Christ, Chronology of the Life of
Includes absolute and relative chronologies.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08377a.htm

Jesus Christ, Character of
The surpassing eminence of the character of Jesus has been acknowledged by men of the most varied type.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08382a.htm

Jews (as a Religion)
Judaism designates the religious communion which survived the destruction of the Jewish nation by the Assyrians and the Babylonians.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08399a.htm

Jurisdiction, Ecclesiastical
The right to guide and rule the Church of God.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08567a.htm

Jesu Dulcis Memoria
A poem ranging from forty two to fifty three stanzas (in various manuscripts), to form the three hymns of the Office of the Holy Name.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/16047b.htm

Joseph Calasanctius of the Mother of God, Pious Workers of Saint
Founded at Vienna, 24 November, 1889, by Father Anton Maria Schwartz for all works of charity, but especially the apostolate among workingmen.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08519a.htm

Jansenius and Jansenism
The subject of this article lived three-quarters of a century later than his namesake. He was born 28 October, 1585, of a Catholic family, in the village of Accoi, near Leerdam, Holland; died at Ypres, 6 May, 1638.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08285a.htm

Jeaurat, Edmond
French engraver, b. at Vermenton, near Auxerre, 1688; d. at Paris, 1738.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08328a.htm

Jesus Christ
An index of articles on the subject.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08374c.htm

Joachim, Saint
According to apocryphal literature, the father of Mary.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08406b.htm

Jeremias the Prophet
Background information on his era. His life and mission. Analysis of the Biblical book which bears his name.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08334a.htm

Jericho
Three cities of this name have successively occupied sites in the same neighbourhood.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08339a.htm

Justification
A biblio-ecclesiastical term; which denotes the transforming of the sinner from the state of unrighteousness to the state of holiness and sonship of God.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08573a.htm

Joachim of Flora, Blessed
Article on this Cistercian abbot, mystic, regarded as a prophet, d. 1202.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08406c.htm

Joan, Popess
The fable about a female pope, who afterwards bore the name of Johanna (Joan), is first noticed in the middle of the thirteenth century.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08407a.htm

Joanna of Portugal, Blessed
Princess, Dominican, d. 1490.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08409a.htm

Joseph Calasanctius, Saint
Priest, founder of the Piarists, d. 1648.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08518d.htm

Jandel, Alexandre Vincent
General of the Dominican order, born at Gerbevilliers (Lorraine), 18 July, 1810; died at Rome, 11 December, 1872.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08282b.htm

Joan of Arc, Saint
Her brief life, her trial and death, swift rehabilitation, and her beatification in 1909.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08409c.htm

Jerusalem, Liturgy of
The Rite of Jerusalem is that of Antioch.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08371a.htm

John I, Pope Saint
A Tuscan, was warmly received in Constantinople, but upon his return to Rome, was imprisoned by King Theodoric. Pope John died in prison in 526.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08421a.htm

Jumièges, Abbey of
Founded in 634 by St. Philibert, who had been the companion of Sts. Ouen and Wandrille at the Merovingian court.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08566a.htm

Jezabel
Wife of Achab, King of Israel.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08404a.htm

Jews, History of the
Of the two terms, Jews and Judaism, the former denotes usually the Israelites or descendants of Jacob (Israel) in contrast to Gentile races; the latter, the creed and worship of the Jews in contrast to Christianity and others.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08386a.htm

Jenks, Silvester
Theologian, born in Shropshire, c. 1656; died in December, 1714.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08332d.htm

Jesi
Diocese in the Province of Ancona, Italy, immediately subject to the Holy See.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08372a.htm

Judaizers
A party of Jewish Christians in the Early Church, who either held that circumcision and the observance of the Mosaic Law were necessary for salvation and in consequence wished to impose them on the Gentile converts, or who at least considered them as still obligatory on the Jewish Christians.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08537a.htm

Jane Frances de Chantal, Saint
Biography of the widowed baroness, mother, founder of the Congregation of the Visitation, who died in 1641.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08282c.htm

John II, Pope
A Roman and the son of Projectus; if not born in the second region (Coelimontium) he had at least been a priest of St. Clement's Basilica.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08421b.htm

John III, Pope
A Roman surnamed Catelinus, d. 13 July, 574.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08422a.htm

John IV, Pope
A native of Dalmatia, and the son of the scholasticus (advocate) Venantius.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08422b.htm

John V, Pope
A Syrian whose father was one Cyriacus; when he was born is not known; d. 2 August, 686.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08422c.htm

John VI, Pope
A Greek, the date of whose birth is unknown; d. 11 January, 705.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08423a.htm

John XV (XVI), Pope
Enthroned 985; d. April, 996.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08427c.htm

John XVI (XVII)
Antipope 997-998; d. probably in 1013.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08428a.htm

John XVII (XVIII), Pope
Date of birth unknown; d. 6 Nov., 1003.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08428b.htm

John XVIII (XIX), Pope
Successor of John XVII, consecrated Christmas, 1003; d. June, 1009.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08429a.htm

John Cantius, Saint
Polish priest, professor of Sacred Scripture, d. 1473.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08451b.htm

John XIX (XX), Pope
Enthroned in 1024; d. 1032.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08429b.htm

John XXI (XX), Pope
Born at Lisbon between 1210 and 1220; enthroned, 1276; died at Viterbo, 20 May, 1277.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08429c.htm

Jauregui, Juan de
A Spanish painter and poet, born at Seville c. 1570, or, according to some, as late as 1583; died at Madrid c. 1640-1.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08325c.htm

John and Paul, Saints
Roman martyrs, c. 362.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08443a.htm

John Baptist de la Salle, Saint
Essay on the founder of the Christian Brothers.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08444a.htm

John Baptist de Rossi, Saint
Priest, canon, preacher, d. 1764.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08449a.htm

John Capistran, Saint
Lawyer, governor, ambassador, became a Franciscan priest and a renowned preacher, died in 1456.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08452a.htm

John Boste, Saint
Or John Boast. Priest, martyred at Durham in 1594. One of the Forty Martyrs of England and Wales.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/02702a.htm

John de Britto, Saint
Portuguese Jesuit missionary to India, martyr, d. 1693.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08461a.htm

John Amias, Blessed
Cloth merchant, widower, priest, martyred 1589.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01428b.htm

John Cornelius and Companions, Blessed
Cornelius, born of Irish parents in Cornwall, studied for the priesthood at Reims. For 10 years he worked as a missionary in England till he was martyred in 1594 for being a Catholic priest, and three companions were also martyred for aiding him.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08459a.htm

John Climacus, Saint
Sometimes called Scholasticus or the Sinaita. Article on the sixth-century Syrian abbot of Mt. Sinai. He is called "Climacus" because he wrote the spiritual classic "The Ladder of Divine Ascent," "Klimax" being the Greek for "ladder."
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08457a.htm

John Beche, Blessed
Benedictine abbot. When Beche refused to grant that the king had any authority to confiscate St. John's Abbey, Colchester, he was thrown in the Tower on charges of treason. Though weak, he gained the crown of martyrdom in 1539.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/02381a.htm

John Colombini, Blessed
Sienese husband and father whose life was transformed by reading the life of St. Mary of Egypt. Founder of the Jesuati. He died in 1367.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08458a.htm

John Damascene, Saint
Lengthy biographical article on the last of the Greek Fathers.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08459b.htm

John Buckley, Saint
Alias John Jones. Welsh Franciscan priest, martyred at Tyburn in 1598.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08451a.htm

Jacopo de Voragine, Blessed
Became a Dominican at a very early age, was a renowned preacher, provincial, and then Archbishop of Genoa. He died in about 1298. Biographical article.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08262b.htm

John Felton, Blessed
Arrested, imprisoned, and tortured for having attached a copy of the papal bull excommunicating the queen to the Bishop of London's door. He died a martyr in 1570.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08462a.htm

Julia Billiart, Saint
Biographical article on the founder of the Sisters of Notre Dame de Namur. She died in 1816.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08559a.htm

John Fisher, Saint
Cardinal, Bishop of Rochester, martyr, d. 1535.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08462b.htm

John Forest, Blessed
English Franciscan, served as confessor to Queen Catherine, was burned at the stake at Smithfield in 1538.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08463a.htm

John Francis Regis, Saint
Jesuit priest and missionary, d. 1640.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08464a.htm

John Ingram, Blessed
English priest, tortured and twice imprisoned, martyred in 1594.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08008a.htm

John Joseph of the Cross, Saint
Italian Franciscan priest, had the gift of miracles, d. 1739.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08466a.htm

John Larke, Blessed
Parish priest and friend of St. Thomas More. Martyred at Tyburn in 1543/4, along with another priest (Bl. John Ireland) and the layman Bl. German Gardiner.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08466b.htm

John Nelson, Blessed
Jesuit priest, martyred at Tyburn in 1577/8.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08466d.htm

John Nepomucene, Saint
Biography of the vicar general of the Archdiocese of Prague, who was tortured and then thrown into the Moldau and drowned, by order of King Wenceslaus IV, in 1393.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08467a.htm

John of Avila, Saint
Priest, preacher, author, d. 1569.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08469a.htm

John of Beverley, Saint
Benedictine bishop of Hexham and later of York, monastic founder, d. 721.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08469b.htm

John, Gospel of
According to the traditional order, the Gospel of St. John occupies the last place among the four canonical Gospels.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08438a.htm

John of Fermo, Blessed
Also known as John of La Verna. Franciscan, a friend of Jacopone of Todi. John died in 1322.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08472a.htm

John of God, Saint
Portuguese shepherd, soldier, bookseller, finally found his niche caring for the health of the poor in Granada, became de facto founder of a religious order, d. 1550.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08472c.htm

John of Antioch
There are four persons commonly known by this name.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08468a.htm

Jocelin of Wells
Bishop of Bath and Wells, d. 19 Nov., 1242.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08418c.htm

John Britton, Blessed
Also called John Bretton. Short biography of the layman and martyr.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/02793c.htm

Jaffa
A titular see in the Patriarchate of Jerusalem.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08268a.htm

John of Hauteville
Moralist and satirical poet of the twelfth century (flourished about 1184).
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08473a.htm

John of Biclaro
Chronicler, born in Portugal, probably about the middle of the sixth century; died after 621.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08470a.htm

Jarcke, Karl Ernst
Born 10 November, 1801, at Danzig, Prussia; died 27 December, 1852, at Vienna. He belonged to a Protestant merchant family. He took up the study of jurisprudence, and became at an early age professor of criminal law at Bonn and later in Berlin.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08323a.htm

Jíbaro Indians
An important tribal group of Ecuador, comprising a great number of small subtribes speaking a common language with dialectic variants, and together constituting a distinct linguistic stock.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08405a.htm

John of Janduno
An Averroistic philosopher, theologian, and political writer of the fourteenth century.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08473b.htm

Jesuit's Bark
On account of its alkaloids, is the most celebrated specific remedy for all forms of malaria.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08372b.htm

John of Montecorvino
A Franciscan and founder of the Catholic mission in China, b. at Montecorvino in Southern Italy, in 1246; d. at Peking, in 1328.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08474a.htm

John, Epistles of
Three canonical books of the New Testament written by the Apostle St. John.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08435a.htm

John of Genoa
Grammarian; born at Genoa, date unknown; died there about 1298.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08472b.htm

John Lockwood, Blessed
Short biographical article on the English priest and martyr.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09322a.htm

John of Rupella
Franciscan theologian, b. at La Rochelle (Rupella), towards the end of the twelfth century.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08477b.htm

John of Fécamp
Ascetic writer, b. near Ravenna about the beginning of the eleventh century; d. at Fécamp, Normandy, 22 February, 1079.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08471b.htm

Juvencus, C. Vettius Aquilinus
Fourth-century Christian Latin poet.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08586b.htm

John of the Cross, Saint
Article on the life and teaching of this Discalced Carmelite associated with St. Teresa of Avila. Mystic, Doctor of the Church, d. 1591.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08480a.htm

John of Montesono
Theologian and controversialist, born at Monzón, Spain; dates of birth and death unknown.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08474b.htm

John of Ephesus
Syriac historian, born at Amida (Diarbekir, on the upper Tigris), about 505; d. about 585.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08470c.htm

Jocelin de Brakelond
An English chronicler, of the late twelfth century.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08418b.htm

John of Victring
Chronicler, b. probably between 1270 and 1280; d. at Victring, Austria, 12 November, 1347.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08481a.htm

Jubilees, Book of
An apocryphal writing, so called from the fact that the narratives and stories contained in it are arranged throughout in a fanciful chronological system of jubilee-periods of forty-nine years each; each event is recorded as having taken place in such a week of such a month of such a Jubilee year.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08535a.htm

John Rigby, Saint
Rigby, an unmarried layman, appeared in court on behalf of his employer's daughter and admitted that he was himself a Catholic. He was martyred in 1600.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13055a.htm

Judgment, Divine
Divine judgment (judicium divinum), as an immanent act of God, denotes the action of God's retributive justice by which the destiny of rational creatures is decided according to their merits and demerits.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08549a.htm

John Roberts, Saint
A Welsh Benedictine, the first prior of Downside, was arrested six times, exiled four times, and finally martyred at Tyburn in 1610.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13098c.htm

John Rochester, Blessed
Brief biography of this English Carthusian priest and martyr, d. 1537.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08483b.htm

John Sarkander, Saint
This priest was tortured for refusing to break the seal of confession, and died in prison in 1620.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08484a.htm

John Scholasticus
Patriarch of Constantinople, the author of an important collection of ecclesiastical laws; b. at Sirimis near Antioch; d. 577.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08484b.htm

John Stone, Saint
English Augustinian friar, martyred probably in 1539.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08485a.htm

John Story, Blessed
Or Storey. Member of Parliament, was arrested but escaped and became a Spanish subject. Kidnapped in Flanders, he was carried to the Tower, where he was tortured repeatedly. Died a martyr in 1571.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08485b.htm

John Talaia
Orthodox Patriarch of Alexandria (481-482) at the time of the Monophysite troubles.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08485c.htm

John the Baptist, Saint
Lengthy article on the Precursor.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08486b.htm

John the Evangelist, Saint
Brother of James and son of Zebedee.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08492a.htm

John of Segovia
A Spanish theologian, b. at Segovia towards the end of the fourteenth century; d. probably in 1458.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08479a.htm

John the Faster
Patriarch of Constantinople (John IV, 582-595), famous chiefly through his assumption of the title "eœcumenical patriarch"; d. 2 September, 595.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08493a.htm

John Twenge, Saint
Canon regular, prior of St. Mary's, Bridlington. Miracle-worker, d. 1379.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15105b.htm

Joannes de Sacrobosco
John Holywood, a monk of English origin, lived in the first half of the thirteenth century as professor of astronomy at Paris; died in that city, 1256.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08409b.htm

Johnston, Richard Malcolm
Educator, author, b. 8 March, 1822, at Powellton, Georgia, U.S.A.; d. at Baltimore, Maryland, 23 September, 1898.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08484c.htm

John of Paris
Theologian and controversialist; born at Paris, date unknown; died at Bordeaux, 22 September, 1306.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08475b.htm

Jeroboam
Name of two Israelitish kings.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08340a.htm

Jesus and Mary, Sisters of the Holy Childhood of
Several groups detailed.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08374b.htm

Jamaica
The largest of the British West Indian islands, situated in the Caribbean Sea.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08270a.htm

Joinville, Jean, Sire de
Seneschal of Champagne, historian, b in 1225; d. at Joinville, 1317.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08495b.htm

Jassy
Diocese in Rumania.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08325b.htm

Joliette
Diocese created by Pius X, 27 January, 1904 by division of the Archdiocese of Montreal; comprises three counties, Joliette, Berthier, and Montcalm, with four parishes of L'Assomption County.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08496b.htm

Jordanis
Historian, lived about the middle of the sixth century in the Eastern Roman Empire.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08501b.htm

John Malalas
A Monophysite Byzantine chronicler of the sixth century.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08466c.htm

Jus Spolii
A claim, exercised in the Middle Ages, of succession to the property of deceased clerics, at least such as they had derived from their ecclesiastical benefices.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08571a.htm

Josaphat Kuncevyc, Saint
Lithuanian-born Basilian monk and Ruthenian Rite archbishop of Polotsk, writer. He loved to make profound bows while reciting the Jesus Prayer. Martyred in 1623.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08503b.htm

John of Salisbury
Article on the life and thought of this medieval philosopher, by P. Coffey.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08478b.htm

Jesus, Daughters of
Founded at Kermaria, in the Diocese of Vannes, France, in 1834, for the care of the sick poor, and the education of girls.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08374a.htm

Janssens, Abraham
Flemish painter, b. at Antwerp about 1573; d. probably in the same place about 1631.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08294a.htm

Joseph of Cupertino, Saint
Mystic from a very young age, priest, d. 1663. Biographical article.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08520b.htm

Joseph's Society for Foreign Missions, Saint
A society of priests and laymen whose object is to labour for the conversion of heathens in foreign countries.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08521d.htm

Jephte
One of the judges of Israel. The story of Jephte is narrated in chapters xi and xii of the Book of Judges.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08333b.htm

Janssens, Johann Hermann
Catholic theologian, b. at Maeseyck, Belgium, 7 Dec., 1783; d. at Engis, 23 May, 1853.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08294b.htm

Joseph's Society for Colored Missions, Saint
This organization began its labours in 1871, when four young priests from Mill Hill were put in charge of St. Francis Xavier's church, with a large congregation of black Catholics, in Baltimore. Other black missions were soon begun at Louisville, Charleston, Washington, Richmond, Norfolk, and other places in the South.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08521c.htm

Joseph of Leonessa, Saint
Capuchin missionary, confessor, d. 1612.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08521b.htm

John of Cornwall
Lived about 1176. Author of a treatise written against the doctrine of Abelard.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08470b.htm

Jouffroy, Jean de
French prelate and statesman; b. at Luxeuil (Franche-Comté) about 1412; d. at the priory of Rulli, in the Diocese of Bourges, 24 November, 1473.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08526c.htm

Joseph, Saint
Information on the entire life of St. Joseph.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08504a.htm

Japan
Called in the language of the country Nihon or Nippon (Land of the Rising Sun), and Dai Nihon or Dai Nippon (Great Japan), situated north-west of the Pacific Ocean and east of the Asiatic continent.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08297a.htm

Josephus, Flavius
Jewish historian, born A.D. 37, at Jerusalem; died about 101.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08522a.htm

Jonathan
Name of several persons mentioned in the Old Testament.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08499b.htm

Jesus Mary, Religious of
Founded at Lyons, France, in October, 1818, by Claudine Thevenet, in religion, Mother St. Ignatius.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08385a.htm

Joest, Jan
Dutch painter, b. at Calcker, or Calcar, about 1460; d. at Haarlem in 1519.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08420a.htm

Jesus Christ, Early Historical Documents on
Divided into three classes: pagan sources, Jewish sources, and Christian sources.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08375a.htm

Jordanus of Giano
Italian Minorite, b. at Giano in the Valley of Spoleto, c. 1195; d. after 1262.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08502a.htm

Jonah
The fifth of the Minor Prophets. Article takes a look at the Book of Jonah.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08497b.htm

Joseph
The eleventh son of Jacob, the firstborn of Rachel, and the immediate ancestor of the tribes of Manasses and Ephraim.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08506a.htm

John the Deacon
Article about four historians of the Middle Ages who bear this name.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08491a.htm

John of Roquetaillade (de Rupescissa)
Franciscan alchemist, date of birth unknown; d. probably at Avignon, 1362.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08477a.htm

Joseph of Exeter
A twelfth-century Lain poet; b. at Exeter, England.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08521a.htm

Jones, Inigo
A biography with references of the London-born architect who drew his inspiration from the Classical forms of Italy.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08500b.htm

Jorg, Joseph Edmund