Grimaldi, Giovanni Francesco
An eclectic painter of the Bolognese school; b. at Bologna, 1606; d. at Rome, 1680.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07035a.htm

Guzmán, Fernando Pérez de
Señor de Batres; Spanish historian and poet (1376-1458).
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07094a.htm

Gounod, Charles-François
An article focusing especially on his religious compositions and the effect of his beliefs on his compositions.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06683b.htm

Galilei, Alessandro
An eminent Florentine architect; born 1691; died 1737.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06342a.htm

Guarda, Diocese of
Province of Beira, Portugal.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07049a.htm

Guadix, Diocese of
Diocese in Spain, comprises the greater part of the Province of Granada and a portion of the Province of Almeria.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/16043a.htm

Gutenberg, Johann
Inventor of printing. (1400-1467)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07090a.htm

Guise, House of
A branch of the ducal family of Lorraine who played an important part in the religious troubles of France during the seventeenth century.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07074a.htm

Galien, Joseph
Dominican, professor of philosophy and theology at the University of Avignon, meteorologist, physicist, and writer on aeronautics; b. 1699.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06341b.htm

Guijon, André
Bishop and orator. (1548-1631)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07066b.htm

Gratian
Details on this Roman Emperor who was the son of Valentinian I. He was born at Sirmium, 359 and died at Lyons, 383.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06729c.htm

Guiana
The name given to all that region of South America which extends along the Atlantic coast from the Orinoco to the Amazon.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07062a.htm

Galilei, Galileo
Although in the popular mind Galileo is remembered chiefly as an astronomer, it was not in this character that he made really substantial contributions to human knowledge, but rather in the field of mechanics, and especially of dynamics, which science may be said to owe its existence to him.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06342b.htm

Gulf of St. Lawrence
Vicariate erected 12 September, 1905, and formed from the prefecture Apostolic of the same name organized 29 May, 1882.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07081a.htm

Guaicuri Indians
A group of small tribes, speaking dialectic forms of a common language, probably of distinct stock, formerly occupying part of Lower California.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07044b.htm

Gregory XI
Reigned 1370-1378.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06799a.htm

Giuseppe Maria Pignatelli, Saint
Jesuit priest, novice master, provincial, d. 1811.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12082b.htm

Goya y Lucientes, Francisco José de
Painter and etcher, b. in Fuendetodos, Aragon, Spain, 31 March, 1746; d. in Bordeaux, 16 April, 1828.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06686a.htm

Galitzin, Elizabeth
Princess, religious of the Sacred Heart; born at St. Petersburg, 22 February, 1797; died in Louisiana, 8 December, 1843.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06346a.htm

González de Santalla, Thyrsus
Theologian and thirteenth general of the Society of Jesus, b. at Arganda, Spain, 18 January, 1624; died at Rome, 27 October, 1705.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06635c.htm

Gunpowder Plot, The
Oath taken May, 1604, plot discovered November, 1605. Robert Catesby, the originator of the Powder Plot, owned estates at Lapworth and Ashby St. Legers.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07081b.htm

Gagliardi, Achille
Ascetic writer and spiritual director; born at Padua, Italy, in 1537; died at Modena, 6 July, 1607.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06334b.htm

Gallandi, Andrea
Oratorian and patristic scholar, born at Venice, 7 December, 1709; died there 12 January, 1779, or 1780.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06349c.htm

Gallait, Louis
Flemish painter; born at Tournai, 10 May, 1810; died in Brussels, 20 November, 1887.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06349a.htm

Gallwey, Peter
Famous London priest. (1820-1906)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06370c.htm

Galtelli-Nuoro
Diocese in the province of Sassari (Sardinia), suffragan of Caglari.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06371a.htm

Galvani, Luigi
Physician, b. at Bologna, Italy, 9 September, 1737; d. there, 4 December, 1798.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06371c.htm

Gabbatha
The Aramaic appellation of a place in Jerusalem, designated also under the Greek name of Lithostrotos.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06328b.htm

Gallego, Juan Nicasio
Priest and poet; born at Zamora, Spain, 14 December, 1777; died at Madrid, 9 January, 1853.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06350a.htm

Galura, Bernhard
Prince-Bishop of Brixen; b. 21 August, 1764, at Herbolzheim, Bresigau; d. 17 May, 1856.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06371b.htm

Gabriel Sionita
A learned Maronite, famous for his share in the publication of the Parisian polyglot of the Bible; b. 1577, at Edden on the Lebanon; d. 1648.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06331a.htm

Guido of Arezzo
Article with life and summary of his contributions to musical theory and composition.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07065a.htm

Gregory XII
Reigned 1406-1415.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07001a.htm

Gams, Pius Bonifacius
Ecclesiastical historian. (1816-1892)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06376a.htm

Guastalla, Diocese of
Situated in the province of Reggio Emilia (Central Italy) on the left bank of the Po at its junction with the Crostolo.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07053b.htm

Gallicanism
This term is used to designate a certain group of religious opinions for some time peculiar to the Church of France, or Gallican Church, and the theological schools of that country.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06351a.htm

Galilee
The native land of Jesus Christ, where He began His ministry and performed many of His works, and whence He drew His Apostles.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06341c.htm

Garcilasso de la Vega
Spanish poet. (1503-1536)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06381a.htm

Gargara
A titular see in the province of Asia, suffragan of Ephesus.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06384c.htm

Guastallines
Luigia Torelli, Countess of Guastalla (b. about 1500; d. 29 Oct., 1559 or 1569), widowed for the second time when she was twenty-five, resolved to devote her life to the service of God.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07053c.htm

Garland, John
English poet and grammarian, who lived in the middle of the thirteenth century.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06385b.htm

Gandolphy, Peter
Jesuit preacher; b. in London, 26 July, 1779; d. at East Sheen, Surrey, 9 July, 1821.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06377a.htm

Garnet, Henry
English martyr, b. 1553-4; d. 1606.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06386b.htm

Groote, Gerard
Founder of the "Brethren of the Common Life", b. 1340 at Deventer, Gelderland; d. 20 Aug., 1384.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07036a.htm

Galluppi, Pasquale
Philosopher, b. at Tropea, in Calabria, 2 April, 1770; d. at Naples, 13 Dec., 1846, where from 1831 he was a professor in the university.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06370b.htm

Grace
Leads to four articles on the subject.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06689a.htm

Gunther, Anton
Philosopher; b. 17 Nov., 1783, at Lindenau, near Leitmeritz, Bohemia; d. at Vienna, 24 February, 1863.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07085a.htm

Gagarin, Ivan Sergejewitch
Of the Russian family which traces its origin to the ancient rulers of Starodub; born at Moscow, 1 August, 1814; died at Paris, 19 July, 1882.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06334a.htm

Gregory VIII
Antipope placed upon the papal chair by Emperor Henry V, 8 March, 1118.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06795b.htm

Galatians, Epistle to the
Background on Galatia, purpose and date, a summary of its contents, its importance and a discussion of some difficulties.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06336a.htm

Gabriel, Brothers of Saint
Originally founded by St. Louis Grignon de Montfort in 1705, but it did not spread much till it was amalgamated with one founded in 1835 by Monsignor Deshayes. Vicar-General of Rennes.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06330b.htm

García Moreno, Gabriel
Ecuadorean patriot and statesman; b. at Guayaquil, 24 December, 1821; assassinated at Quito, 6 August, 1875.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06379b.htm

Garnier, Julien
Jesuit missionary, born at Connerai, France, 6 January, 1642; d. in Quebec, 1730.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06389a.htm

Gall, Abbey of Saint
In Switzerland, Canton St. Gall, 30 miles southeast of Constance; for many centuries one of the chief Benedictine abbeys in Europe; founded about 613, and named after Gallus, an Irishman, the disciple and companion of St. Columbanus in his exile from Luxeuil.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06347a.htm

Galloway, Diocese of
Situated in the southwest of Scotland.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06370a.htm

Gaston, William
Jurist: b. at Newbern, North Carolina, U.S.A., 19 Sept., 1778: d. at Raleigh, North Carolina, 28 January 1844.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06392c.htm

Gonsalo Garcia, Saint
Biography of the Franciscan martyr born in Vasai.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06379a.htm

Gama, Vasco da
The discover of the sea route to East Indies; born at Sines, Province of Alemtejo, Portugal, about 1469; died at Cochin, India, 24 December, 1524.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06374a.htm

Gallifet, Joseph de
French Jesuit. (1663-1749)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06366b.htm

Gaudentius of Brescia
A theologian of the Order of Friars Minor Capuchins; b. at Brescia in 1612; d. at Oriano, 25 March, 1672.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06394a.htm

Grey Nuns of the Cross
A community founded in 1745 at Monteal by Madame d'Youville, known as the Grey Sisters, or Grey Nuns, from the colour of the costume.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07031b.htm

Gasser von Valhorn, Joseph
Austrian sculptor, b. 22 Nov., 1816 at Prägraten, Tyrol; d. 28 Oct., 1900.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06392a.htm

Gaudete Sunday
The third Sunday of Advent, so called from the first word of the Introit at Mass (Gaudete, i.e. Rejoice).
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06394b.htm

Garzon
Suffragan diocese of Popayan in the Republic of Colombia.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06390a.htm

Gaubil, Antoine
French Jesuit and missionary to China, b. at Gaillac (Aveyron), 14 July, 1689; d. at Peking, 24 July, 1759.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06393b.htm

Galatino, Pietro Colonna
Friar Minor, philosopher, theologian, Orientalist; b. at Galatia (now Cajazzo) in Apulia; d. at Rome, soon after 1539.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06340a.htm

Grillparzer, Franz
An Austrian poet, b. at Vienna, 15 January, 1791, d. 21 January, 1872.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07033b.htm

Gazzaniga, Pietro Maria
A theologian, b. at Bergamo, Italy, 3 March, 1722; d. at Vicenza, 11 Dec., 1799.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06401a.htm

Galerius, Valerius Maximianus
Galerius, a native of Illyria, was made Caesar 1 March, 293, by Diocletian, whose daughter Valeria he married and who in turn adopted her husband.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06341a.htm

Gallia Christiana
A documentary catalogue or list, with brief historical notices, of all the dioceses and abbeys of France from the earliest times, also of their occupants.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06350c.htm

Grottaferrata, Abbey of
A Basilian monastery near Rome.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07040b.htm

Gaudier, Antoine de
A writer on asectic theology; b. at Château-Thierry, France, 7 January, 1572; d. at Paris, 14 April, 1622.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06394c.htm

Gassendi, Pierre
French philosopher and scientist. Article by J.G. Hagen covers Gassendi's life and work in some detail.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06391b.htm

Garrucci, Raffaele
A historian of Christian art, b. at Naples, 22 January, 1812; d. at Rome, 5 May, 1885.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06389b.htm

Gedoyn, Nicolas
A French translator and literary critic; b. at Orleans, 17 June, 1667; d. 10 August, 1744.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06403a.htm

Grey Nuns
The Order of Sisters of Charity of the Hôpital Général of Montreal, commonly called Grey Nuns because of the colour of their attire, was founded in 1738.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07031a.htm

Generation
Definitions include: a definite period of time, with a special reference to the average length of man's life; an indefinite period of time, of time past; the men who lived in the same period of time who were contemporaries; a race or class of men; and a dwelling place or habitation.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06412c.htm

Gamaliel
Famous Pharisee and Rabbi.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06374b.htm

God
Links to five articles about the subject.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06608a.htm

Genealogy of Christ
Offers the genealogy according to Saint Matthew and Saint Luke.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06410a.htm

General Chapter
The daily assembling of a community for purposes of discipline and administration of monastic affairs has always included the reading of a chapter of the rule, and thus the assembly itself came to be called the chapter and the place of meeting the chapter-house.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06412b.htm

Genga, Girolamo
A painter, born at Urbino in 1476; died at the same place, 1551.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06415b.htm

Guigues du Chastel
Medieval Carthusian. (1083-1137)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07066a.htm

Gaspe, Philippe-Aubert de
French Canadian writer, b. at Quebec, 30 Oct., 1786, of a family ennobled by Louis XIV in 1693, d. 29 Jan., 1871.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06391a.htm

Genesius
Five people with this name including: Genesius of Rome; Genesius of Arles; Genesius, Bishop of Clermont; Genesius Count of Clermont; and Genesius of Lyons.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06413c.htm

Gabriel the Archangel, Saint
One of the three archangels mentioned in the Bible.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06330a.htm

Gregory XV, Pope
Reigned 1621-1623.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07004b.htm

Gelasius II, Pope
Reigned 1118-1119.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06407a.htm

George Haydock, Blessed
Biographical article on the English priest and martyr. Includes bibliography.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07159a.htm

Gavantus, Bartolommeo
Liturgist, a member of the Barnabite Order; b. at Monza, 1569; d. at Milan, 14 August, 1638.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06399a.htm

Geoffrey of Clairvaux
A disciple of Bernard, was b. between the years 1115 and 1120, at Auxerre; d. some time after the year 1188.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06427a.htm

Gau, Franz Christian
Architect and archæologist, b. at Cologne, 15 June, 1790; d. at Paris, January, 1854.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06393a.htm

Genezareth, Land of
By this name is designated in Mark, vi, 53, a district of Palestine bordering on the Sea of Galilee, and which in the parallel passage of Matthew (xiv, 34) is called "the country of Genesar".
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06415a.htm

Ginoulhiac, Jacques-Marie-Achille
A French bishop; b. at Montpellier (department of Herault) 3 Dec., 1806; d. there 17 Nov., 1875.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06562a.htm

Grimmelshausen, Johann Jacob Christoffel von
German novelist of the seventeenth century.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07035b.htm

Geoffrey of Vendôme
A cardinal, b. in the second half of the eleventh century of a noble family, at Angers, France; d. there, 26 March, 1132.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06428b.htm

Gebhart, Emile
French professor and writer, b. 19 July, 1839, at Nancy; d. 22 April, 1908.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06402b.htm

Genebrard, Gilbert
Benedictine exegete and Orientalist, b. 12 December, 1535, at Riom, in the department of Puy-de-Dôme; d. 16 Feb., 1597.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06412a.htm

Geoffrey of Dunstable
Abbot of St. Alban's, d. at St. Alban's, 26 Feb., 1146.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06427b.htm

Good Shepherd, Our Lady of Charity of the
The aim of this institute is to provide a shelter for girls and women of dissolute habits, who wish to do penance for their iniquities and to lead a truly christian life.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06647c.htm

Genealogy (in the Bible)
The word genealogy occurs only twice in the New Testament: I Tim., i, 4, and Tit., iii, 9. In these passages commentators explain the word as referring to the Gentile theogonies, or to the Essene generation of angels, or to the emanation of spirits and aeons as conceived by the Gnostics, or to the genealogies of Jesus Christ, or finally to the genealogies of the Old Testament construed into a source of an occult doctrine.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06408a.htm

Guyon, Jeanne-Marie-Bouvier de La Motte-
Essay on the life, experiences, and teachings of this seventeenth-century French mystic.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07092b.htm

Gallienus, Publius Licinius Egnatius
Roman emperor; b. about 218; d. at Milan, 4 March, 268.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06366a.htm

Gebhard (III) of Constance
Bishop of that city and strenuous defender of papal rights against imperial encroachments during the Investitures conflict; b. about 1040; d. 12 November, 1110.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06402a.htm

Garin, André
An Oblate missionary and parish priest. (1822-1895)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06384d.htm

God, Relation of the Universe to
Sections include essential dependence of the universe on God, divine immanence and transcendence, and possibility of the supernatural.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06614a.htm

Galla, Saint
A Roman widow of the sixth century; feast, 5 October.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06348a.htm

Guérin, Anne-Thérèse
In religion, Mother Theodore. Born at Etables (Côte du Nord), Brittany, France, 2 October, 1798; died 14 May, 1856.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07059b.htm

Genicot, Edward
Moral theologian, b. at Antwerp, Belgium, 18 June, 1856; d. at Louvain, 21 February, 1900.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06415c.htm

Gethsemane, Abbey of Our Lady of
An abbey of the Order of Reformed Cistercians, commonly called Trappists, established in 1848 in Nelson Co., Kentucky, in the Diocese of Louisville, being the first abbey on American soil.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06541a.htm

Gentili, Aloysius
Proficient in poetry, displayed considerable musical aptitude, had a taste for mechanical and electrical science and was devoted to the cultivation of modern languages, applying himself more particularly to the study of English. (1801-1848)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06422b.htm

Gerard, Richard
Confessor; born about 1635; died 11 March, 1680.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06467b.htm

Gideon
One of the Greater Judges of Israel. He belonged to the tribe of Manasses, and to the family of Abiezer.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06402c.htm

Gegenbauer, Josef Anton
An accomplished German historical and portrait painter, b. 6 March, 1800, at Wangen, Würtemberg; d. 31 January, 1876, at Rome.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06403b.htm

Gerando, Joseph-Marie de
French statesman and writer, born at Lyons, 29 February, 1772; died at Paris, 10 November, 1842.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06465a.htm

Gassner, Johann Joseph
A celebrated exorcist; b. 22 Aug., 1727, at Braz, Vorarlberg, Austria; d. 4 April, 1779.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06392b.htm

Gusmão, Bartholomeu Lourenço de
Naturalist, and the first aeronaut; b. in 1685 at Santos in the province of São Paulo, Brazil; d. 18 November, 1724, in Toledo, Spain.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07089b.htm

Guéranger, Prosper Louis Pascal
Benedictine and polygraph; b. 4 April, 1805, at Sablé-sur-Sarthe; d. at Solesmes, 30 January, 1875.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07058a.htm

Griffin, Martin Ignatius Joseph
Journalist, historian. (1842-1911)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/16042b.htm

Goajira, Vicariate Apostolic of
The most northern portion of South America is a peninsula running into the Caribbean Sea.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06606a.htm

Guglielmini, Giovanni Battista
Scientist, b. at Bologna, 16 August, 1763; d. in the same city, l5 December, 1817.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07061a.htm

Good Samaritan, Sisters of the
A congregation of Tertiaries Regular of St. Benedict, established 2 February, 1857, at Sydney, Australia.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06647b.htm

Gallitzin, Demetrius Augustine
Prince, priest, and missionary. (1770-1840)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06367b.htm

God, Nature and Attributes of
Covered as natural reason and faith.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06612a.htm

Geiler von Kayserberg, Johann
A celebrated German pulpit orator, b. at Schaffhausen, Switzerland, 16 March, 1445; d. at Strasburg, 10 March, 1510.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06403c.htm

Gousset, Thomas-Marie-Joseph
French cardinal and theologian; b. at Montigny-les-Charlieu, a village of Franche-Comté, in 1792; d. at Reims in 1866.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06684b.htm

Gerardus Odonis
Also Geraldus Othonis, or Ottonis, a medieval theologian and Minister General of the Franciscan Order; born probably at Châteauroux, in the present department of Indre, France, date unknown; died at Catania, Sicily, 1348.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06468b.htm

Gallicanus, Saints
Three saints by this name commemorated on 25 June.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06365a.htm

Gomes De Amorim, Francisco
Portuguese poet, dramatist, and novelist. (1827-1891)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06632b.htm

Gómara, Francisco Lopez de
Chaplain to Cortés. Born 1510. Wrote a severely flawed history of the Spanish conquest of the New World, though he himself had never been there.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06632a.htm

Gilmore, Patrick Sarsfield
A musician, born at Ballygar Galway, Ireland, 25 Dec., 1829; died at St. Louis, 24 Sept., 1892.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06561a.htm

Genesareth
This is the name given to the Lake of Tiberias in Luke 5:1.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06413a.htm

Gerbet, Olympe-Phillipe
A French bishop and writer; b. at Poligny (Jura), 1798; d. at Perpignan (Pyrénées Orientales), 1864.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06470b.htm

Gerard, Archbishop of York
Date of birth unknown; died at Southwell, 21 May, 1108.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06466b.htm

Garet, Jean
Benedictine of the Congregation of Saint-Maur, born at Havre about 1627; died at Jumieges, 24 September, 1694.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06384b.htm

Guardian Angels, Feast of
This feast, like many others, was local before it was placed in the Roman calendar.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07050a.htm

Garland
A wreath of flowers or evergreens formerly used in connection with baptismal, nuptial, and funeral rites, as well as in solemn processions.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06385a.htm

Garnier, Jean
Church historian, patristic scholar, and moral theologian; b. at Paris, 11 Nov., 1612; d. at Bologna, 26 Nov., 1681.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06388c.htm

Gibbons, Richard
Brother of Father John Gibbons, born at Winchester, 1550 or 1549; died at Douai, 23 June, 1632.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06549b.htm

George the Bearded
Duke of Saxony, b. at Dresden, 27 August, 1471; d. in the same city, 17 April, 1539.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06457a.htm

George Pisides
A Byzantine poet who lived in the first half of the seventh century.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06456b.htm

Georgetown University
Founded immediately after the Revolutionary War, by the incorporated Catholic Clergy of Maryland, who selected from their Body Trustees, and invested them with full power to choose a President and appoint Professors. Since the year 1805, it has been under the direction of Society of Jesus".
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06458a.htm

George Gervase, Blessed
Account of the dramatic life of this Benedictine priest and martyr, who died in 1608.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06536a.htm

Grimaldi, Francesco Maria
Italian physicist, b. at Bologna, 2 April, 1618; d. in the same city, 28 Dec., 1663.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07034a.htm

Greifswald, University of
The oldest university of Prussia, founded in 1456.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07025a.htm

Gennings, Edmund and John
The first, a martyr for the Catholic Faith, and the second, the restorer of the English province of Franciscan friars, were brothers and converts to the Church.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06418a.htm

Gerhoh of Reichersberg
Provost of that place and Austin canon, one of the most distinguished theologians of Germany in the twelfth century, b. at Polling, Bavaria, 1093; d. at Reichersberg, 27 June, 1169.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06472a.htm

Gaspare del Bufalo, Saint
Founder of the Missionaries of the Most Precious Blood, died 1837.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06390b.htm

Guarino da Verona
A humanist, b. 1370, at Verona, Italy; d. 1460, at Ferrara.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07053a.htm

Gilbertines, Order of
Founded by St. Gilbert, about the year 1130, at Sempringham, Gilbert's native place, where he was then parish priest.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06556b.htm

Gibbons, John
Jesuit theologian and controversialist; b. 1544, at or near Wells, Somersetshire; died 16 Aug. or 3 Dec., 1589.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06549a.htm

Goossens, Pierre-Lambert
Cardinal, Archbishop of Michlin (Belgium), b. at Perck, near Vilvorde, 18 July, 1827; d. at Michlin, 25 January, 1906.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06648a.htm

Gerbillon, Jean-François
French missionary; born at Verdun, 4 June, 1654; died at Peking, China, 27 March, 1707.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06471a.htm

Gentiles
In the English versions of both Testaments it collectively designates the nations distinct from the Jewish people.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06422a.htm

Grace, Controversies on
These are concerned chiefly with the relation between grace and free will.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06710a.htm

Gift, Supernatural
Something conferred on nature that is above all the powers (vires) of created nature.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06553a.htm

Gillespie, Eliza Maria
In religion Mother Mary of St. Angela. Born in Washington county, Pennsylvania, 21 February, 1824; died at St. Mary's convent, Notre Dame, Indiana, 4 March, 1887.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06560a.htm

Gioberti, Vincenzo
An Italian statesman and philosopher; b. at Turin, 5 April, 1801; d. at Paris, 26 October, 1852.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06562b.htm

Gilbert Foliot
Bishop of London, b. early in the twelfth century.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06556a.htm

Gerard of Cremona
A twelfth-century student of Arabic science and translator from Arabic into Latin; born at Cremona, in 1114; died in 1187.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06468a.htm

Gillespie, Neal Henry
Brother of the foregoing; b. in Washington county, Pa., 19 January 1831; d. at St. Mary's, Notre Dame, Indiana, 12 November, 1874.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06560b.htm

Giordani, Tommasso
A composer, b. at Naples in 1738; d. at Dublin, Ireland, February 1806.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06564a.htm

Giotto di Bondone
A Florentine painter, and founder of the Italian school of painting, b. most probably, in the village of Vespignano near Florence; d. at Milan, 8 Jan., 1337.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06565a.htm

Gyor
A Hungarian see, suffragan to the Archdiocese of Gran.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07094b.htm

Gilbert Islands
Vicariate apostolic; comprises the group of that name, besides the islands of Ellice and Panapa.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06557a.htm

Gottfried von Strasburg
Middle High German epic poet.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06680a.htm

Ghibellines and Guelphs
Names adopted by the two factions that kept Italy divided and devastated by civil war during the greater part of the later Middle Ages.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07056c.htm

Gresset, Jean Baptiste
Born 29 August, 1709; died 16 June, 1777, at Amiens.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07029a.htm

Gonnelieu, Jérôme de
Theologian, ascetical writer, and preacher; born at Soissons, 8 Sept., 1640; died at Paris, 28 Feb., 1715.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06634b.htm

Guarini, Battista
An Italian poet, b. at Ferrara, 1538, d. at Venice, 7 Oct., 1612.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07052a.htm

Gisbert, Blaise
French rhetorician and critic; born at Cahors, 21 February, 1657; died at Montpellier, 21 February, 1731.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06571a.htm

Giocondo, Fra Giovanni
An Italian architect, antiquary, archaeologist, and classical scholar, b. in Verona, c. 1445; d. in Venice (?), c. 1525.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06563a.htm

Glendalough, School of
Founded by St. Kevin.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06582b.htm

Girard, Jean-Baptiste
Known as Père Girard, a Swiss pedagogue, b. at Fribourg, 17 December, 1765; d. there, 6 March, 1850.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06569a.htm

Granada, University of
The origin of this university is to be traced to the Arab school at Cordova, which, when the city was captured by St. Ferdinand in 1236, was removed to Granada and there continued.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06724a.htm

Grace, William Russell
Philanthropist and merchant, born at Cork, Ireland, 10 May, 1832; died at New York, 21 March, 1904.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06714a.htm

Giraud de Borneil
A Provençal troubadour, b. about the middle of the twelfth century, at Excideuil in the Viscounty of Limoges.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06570b.htm

Gindarus
A titular see of Syria Prima, in the Patriarchate of Antioch.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06561c.htm

Gethsemane
The place in which Jesus Christ suffered the Agony and was taken prisoner by the Jews.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06540a.htm

Gap
Diocese; suffragan of Aix, includes the department of the Hautes-Alpes.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06378a.htm

Gorkum, The Martyrs of
Their beatification took place on 14 Nov., 1675, and their canonization on 29 June, 1865.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06651c.htm

Godet des Marais, Paul
Bishop of Chartres, France; b. at Talcy, near Blois, 1647; d. at Chartres, 1709.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06624a.htm

Gillis, James
Scottish bishop; b. at Montreal, Canada, 7 April, 1802; d. at Edinburgh, 24 February 1864.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06560c.htm

Goar, Jacques
Dominican and hellenist. (1601-1653)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06606c.htm

Gloves, Episcopal
Liturgical gloves are a liturgical adornment reserved for bishops and cardinals.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06589a.htm

Giordano, Luca
Neapolitan painter; b. at Naples, 1632; d. in the same place, 12 Jan., 1705.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06564b.htm

Gloria in Excelsis Deo
The great doxology (hymnus angelicus) in the Mass is a version of a very old Greek form". It begins with the words sung by the angels at Christ's birth (Luke, ii, 14). To this verse others were added very early, forming a doxology.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06583a.htm

Gobelinus, Person
Westphalian known as an historian and an ardent reformer of monastic life in his native land. (1358-1421)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06607c.htm

Greuze, Jean-Baptiste
French painter, b. at Tournus in Ardeche, 21 August, 1725; d. at Paris, 21 March, 1805.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07029c.htm

Garneau, François-Xavier
French Canadian historian. (1809-1866)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06386a.htm

Gregory VI, Pope
Reigned 1045-46.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06791a.htm

Gloria, Laus et Honor
A hymn composed by St. Theodulph of Orléans in 810.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/16041b.htm

Gospel in the Liturgy
From the very earliest times the public reading of parts of the Bible was an important element in the Liturgy inherited from the service of the Synagogue.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06659a.htm

Guadalupe, Shrine of
Guadalupe is strictly the name of a picture, but was extended to the church containing the picture and to the town that grew up around.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07043a.htm

Gezireh
Seat of two Catholic residential sees, one Chaldean, the other Syrian.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06541b.htm

Gobat, George
Moral theologian; born at Charmoilles, in the Diocese of Basil, now in the Department of the Doubs, France, 1 July, 1600; died 23 March, 1679.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06607a.htm

Ghost Dance
The principal ceremonial rite of an Indian religion which originated about 1887 with Wovoka, alias jack Wilson, an Indian of the Piute tribe in Nevada.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06547b.htm

Golden Calf
An object of worship among the Hebrews, mention of which occurs principally in Ex., xxxii, where the story of the molten calf of Aaron is narrated, and in III Kings, xii (cf. II Par., xi), in connection with the policy of Jeroboam after the schism of the ten tribes.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06628b.htm

Gluttony
The excessive indulgence in food and drink.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06590a.htm

Gottschalk of Orbais
A medieval theologian; b. about 800, d. after 866, probable 30 October, 868.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06682a.htm

Gnosticism
History of Gnosticism from its pre-Christian roots through its developed doctrines concerning cosmogony, the Sophia-myth, soteriology, and eschatology. Includes information on rites, schools, and literature.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06592a.htm

Geoffrey of Monmouth
Abbot of St. Alban's, d. at St. Alban's, 26 Feb., 1146.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06428a.htm

Gonet, Jean Baptiste
Theologian, b. about 1616 at Beziers, in the province of Languedoc; d. there 24 Jan., 1681.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06634a.htm

Gotti, Vincent Louis
Cardinal and theologian. (1664-1742)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/16041d.htm

Giuseppe Giusti
A poet and patriot; b. 1809, at Monsumano near Pescia, Italy; d. 31 March, 1850.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06574a.htm

Gatianus, Saint
First bishop of Tours, d. 301.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06392d.htm

Grosseteste, Robert
Bishop of Lincoln and one of the most learned men of the Middle Ages; b. about 1175; d. 9 October, 1253.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07037a.htm

God, Existence of
The arguments for God's existence are variously classified and entitled by different writers, but all agree in recognizing the distinction between a priori, or deductive, and a posteriori, or inductive reasoning in this connection.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06608b.htm

Gorz
Capital of the Austrian crown-land Görz and Gradiska.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06654b.htm

Gresemund, Dietrich
German humanist; b. in 1477, at Speyer; d. 1512, at Mainz.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07028a.htm

Girardon, François
A noted sculptor of the reign of Louis XIV, b. at Troyes, France, 1630; d. at Paris, 1715.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06570a.htm

Gonzaga, Scipione
Cardinal; b. at Mantua, 11 November, 1542; d. at San Martino, 11 January, 1593.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06635b.htm

Goa
Archdiocese in India.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06602a.htm

Gondulphus
The name of three saints, of whom one was Bishop of Tongres (Maestricht), the second Bishop of Metz, while the third is known as Gondulphus of Berry.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06633a.htm

Golden Rose
A precious and sacred ornament made of pure gold by skilled artificers, which the popes have been accustomed for centuries to bless each year, and occasionally confer upon illustrious churches and sanctuaries as a token of special reverence and devotion, upon Catholic kings or queens, princes or princesses, renowned generals or other distinguished personages, upon governments or cities conspicuous for their Catholic spirit and loyalty to the Holy See, as a mark of esteem and paternal affection.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06629a.htm

Greith, Karl Johann
Bishop and church historian, b. at Rapperswyl, Switzerland, 25 May, 1897; d. at St. Gall, 17 May, 1882.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07025b.htm

González, Zeferino
Dominican, cardinal, theologian, and philosopher. (1831-1894)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/16041c.htm

Gregory of Valencia
Professor of the University of Ingolstadt, b. at Medina, Spain); d. at Naples, 25 April, 1603.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07021b.htm

Grace, Supernatural
Treatise on this fundamental building block of Christianity.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06701a.htm

Gothic Architecture
History of the style.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06665b.htm

George of Trebizond
A Greek scholar of the early Italian Renaissance; b. in Crete (a Venetian possession from 1206-1669), 1395; d. in Rome, 1486.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06456a.htm

Godden, Thomas
True name Tylden. Born at Addington, Kent, 1624; died in London, 1 Dec., 1688.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06621b.htm

Gerard, John